分 1 分

Although it stands to reason that a warrior should devote himself wholeheartedly to the Martial Way (budō 武道), this seems to be neglected everywhere. If you ask, “What is the true meaning of the Way of the Warrior?” the person who would be able to answer promptly is rare. This is because it has not been established in their hearts beforehand; from this you can see the degree of negligence of the Way. This negligence is beyond belief.

分 2 分

I have come to understand that the Way of the Samurai is that of dying. When a warrior comes to a life-or-death situation, there is for him only the quick choice of death. There are no other details; be determined and advance.

To say that dying without reaching one’s aim is to die in vain is a frivolity of wimpish samurai. When pressed with the choice of life or death, it is no longer necessary to gain one’s aim. We all want to live, and in large part we reason our way into clinging to life. Now, not pursuing our aim and continuing to live: that is cowardice. This is a thin dangerous line. But if you sacrifice everything to obtain your goal and die short of fulfilling it, you have nothing to be ashamed of.

This is the essence of the Way of the Samurai: you must die anew every morning and every night. If you continually preserve the state of death in everyday life, you will understand the essence of Bushido, and you will gain freedom in the Way. Your whole life will be without blame, and you will succeed in your calling.

分 3 分

A man is a good retainer to the extent that he earnestly places importance in his master. This is the highest sort of retainer. If one is born into a prominent family that goes back for generations, it is sufficient to deeply consider the matter of obligation to one’s ancestors, to lay down one’s body and mind, and to earnestly esteem one’s master. It is further good fortune if, more than this, one has wisdom and talent and can use them appropriately. But even a person who is good for nothing and exceedingly clumsy will be a reliable retainer if only he has the determination to think earnestly of his master. Having only wisdom and talent is the lowest tier of usefulness.

分 4 分

According to their nature, some people have quick intelligence, and there are others who need to withdraw and take time to think things over. Looking into this thoroughly, if one thinks selflessly and adheres to the four vows of the Nabeshima samurai, surprising wisdom will occur regardless of the high or low points of one’s nature. People think that they can clear up profound matters if they consider them deeply, but they exercise perverse thoughts and come to no good because they do their reflecting with only self-interest at the centre. Bushi 武士, a martial expert, a term eventually conflated with samurai 侍, a retainer, a servant of